What is Serial Communication.

In today's podcast, we will give a full description of communication and serial communication.

What is Communication:

   Before we move on to serial communication, let's discuss a bit about communication in general. In simple terms, communication is an exchange of ideas between two individuals. Ideas can be anything and in any form, they could be written/spoken words, in form of media like audio/video, or if you like sci-fi, then it can also in form of telepathy)

Serial Communication:

    In Telecommunication and Computer Science, serial communication is the process of sending/receiving data in one bit at a time. It is like you are firing bullets from a machine gun to a target… that’s one bullet at a time.

  This serial communication, one data bit is only transferred at a time. and Obviously, it is a slower communication speed and it needs less number of cables.

                 

Since we already know what are registers and data bits, we would now be talking in these terms only. If not, I would recommend you to first take a detour and go through the introduction of this post by Mayank.
When a particular data set is in the microcontroller, it is in parallel form, and any bit can be accessed irrespective of its bit number. When this data set is transferred into the output buffer to be transmitted, it is still in parallel form. This output buffer converts this data into Serial data PISO, MSB first or LSB first as according to the protocol. Now this data is transmitted in Serial mode.
When this data is received by another microcontroller in its receiver buffer, the receiver buffer converts it back into parallel data (SIPO) for further processing. The following diagram should make it clear.
Data Transfer in Serial Communication
Data Transfer in Serial Communication
This is how serial communication works! But it is not as simple as it looks. There is a catch in it, which we will discuss little later in the same post. For now, lets discuss about two modes of serial data transfer – synchronous and asynchronous.

In the next podcat we will discuss on Synchronous and asynchronous communication type.
       

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